Espoo Museum of Modern Art

Mobile Guide to the Exhibition Experiments in Concretism

Experiments in Concretism, 6.3.2024–2.3.2025, EMMA – Espoo Museum of Modern Art © Ari Karttunen / EMMA

Experiments in Concretism takes a fresh look at the diversity of concrete art by showcasing works by more than fifty artists from the 1950s to the present day. Selected from the EMMA Collection, the works highlight the formal variety of concretism and the skill with which the featured artists use materials, structures and colours. The exhibition also celebrates the centenary of Lars-Gunnar “Nubben” Nordström (1924–2014), a pioneer of Finnish concretism, by showcasing the legacy of his work. This mobile guide introduces you to some of the artists in the exhibition. See also the artist interviews on EMMA Zone.

Artists featured in the exhibition are:

Timo Aalto, Martti Aiha, Siim-Tanel Annus, Elina Autio, Stig Baumgartner, Inka Bell, Juhana Blomstedt, Bård Breivik, Birger Carlstedt, Kari Cavén, Lars Christensen, Jacob Dahlgren, Sonia Delaunay, Ann Edholm, Carolus Enckell, Beryl Furman, Kristján Guðmundsson, Jorma Hautala, Erkki Hervo, Mikko Jalavisto, Elina Juopperi, Kaisu Koivisto, Ola Kolehmainen, Matti Koskela, Matti Kujasalo, Muriel Kuoppala, Antti Kytömäki, Leonhard Lapin, Maija Lavonen, Ernst Mether-Borgström, Eila Minkkinen, Sarah Morris, Kasper Muttonen, Maija Närhinen, Pekka Nevalainen, Jussi Niva, Lars-Gunnar Nordström, Paul Osipow, Kyösti Pärkinen, Ritva Puotila, Mari Rantanen, Silja Rantanen, Louis Reith, Ragna Róbertsdóttir, Pekka Ryynänen, Piila Saksela, Pekka Sassi, Hannu Siren, Sandra Sirp, Airi Snellman-Hänninen, Antti Ukkonen, Raimo Utriainen and Irma Weckman.

You can participate in the Heritage project by Elina Juopperi by donating a raanu to be incorporated into the work. Click here for more details.

On the Artists of the Exhibition

Autio, Elina

Team Play

Elina Autio, Team Play, 2024. © Ari Karttunen / EMMA

In these two commissioned works funded by the L–G Nordström Foundation, Autio has used laminated veneer lumber, a common construction material, along with triangular strips of wood. Team Play consists of twelve identical components, which can be installed in different ways to create new versions of the piece. The scale model on the round pedestal allows visitors to create versions of their own by rearranging the components. The work on the pedestal can also be installed in different ways, depending on the context. 

Elina Autio, Team Play, 2024, detail. © Ari Karttunen / EMMA

laminated veneer lumber, birch veneer, acrylate paint

Bell, Inka

Shift 1, 7, 11 & 12

Inka Bell, Shift 11, 2023. © Ari Karttunen / EMMA

Inka Bell (b. 1981) uses coloured paper as the principal material in her works founded on repetition, layering and varying shapes. When viewed from different distances and directions, the works are transformed. According to Bell herself, the works escape verbal explanation or narrative, a characteristic in line with the essential concerns of concretism.

Inka Bell, Shift 11, 2023, detail. © Ari Karttunen / EMMA

cut paper, metal frame

Breivik, Bård

Reflective Attack

Bård Breivik, Reflective Attack, 2003. © Ari Karttunen / EMMA

Reflective shapes project out of the wall, each consisting of two convex surfaces separated by a sharp horizontal edge. They seem to raise a question of what they have left behind or conceal within. Each component repeats a specific shape with slight variations. Repetition and variation were in fact central themes in Breivik’s (1948–2016) output, and during his lifetime he worked extensively on an endless series that he likened to musical composition and text.

Bård Breivik, Reflective Attack, 2003, detail. © Ari Karttunen / EMMA

steel

Cavén, Kari

Diamond

Kari Cavén, Diamond, 2016. © Ari Karttunen / EMMA

Through his use of recycled materials, Kari Cavén (b. 1954) has for decades been a leading pioneer and bold experimentalist in the field of Finnish sculpture. His works are often cheerful and humorous, making us see our everyday surroundings with fresh eyes. As with many of Cavén’s other new works, Diamond plays with geometry and optical illusion in a manner reminiscent of art of the 1960s.

Kari Cavén, Diamond, 2016, detail. © Ari Karttunen / EMMA

bent metal mesh

Christensen, Lars

Monochrome structure #01

Lars Christensen, Monochrome structure #01, 2018. © Ari Karttunen / EMMA

Seen from a distance, the ochre rectangle seems to rely on the power of clear form and monochrome colour. A closer look reveals the work’s three-dimensionality and its surface that bears a resemblance to rug pile. Lars Christensen (b. 1972) often constructs his works using methods that refer to craft techniques. Here he has punched the canvas full of holes and used a spatula to press acrylic paint through them. The “tufts” sticking out of the canvas even cover the sides of the work. The painting invites the viewer to move around and look at it from different angles – as if tracing the way the painting was produced. The movement and energy required to make it are still palpably present in the work’s surface.

Lars Christensen, Monochrome structure #01, 2018, detail. © Ari Karttunen / EMMA

acrylic and gel on canvas 

Dahlgren, Jacob

Heaven Is a Place on Earth

Jacob Dahlgren, Heaven Is a Place on Earth, 2018. © Ari Karttunen / EMMA

An artwork you can touch! Step on the scales, sit on them and have fun with the piece. Jacob Dahlgren (b. 1970) creates art from everyday things that can be bought in a supermarket. The possibility to interact physically with an artwork violates the fundamental modernist principle of separating the experience of art from our everyday life. The geometric and symmetric structure of this work nevertheless adheres to the formal language of modern art. Its title can be seen as a metaphor in which a formerly untouchable idea – non-figurative art – has been taken down from its exalted heights to the gallery floor to commingle with the public and its needs.

Jacob Dahlgren, Heaven Is a Place on Earth, 2018, detail. © Ari Karttunen / EMMA

240 scales

Edholm, Ann

Lichtzwang

Ann Edholm, Lichtzwang, 2018, detail. © Ari Karttunen / EMMA

Ann Edholm (b. 1953) is a painter whose works often produce an impression of perspective. Lichtzwang seems to suggest a bright space at the back of the work, as if shining through slits in a dark curtain. The viewer may also see a black surface with two white, narrow, sharp shapes in front of it. Edholm says she seeks to attain a sense of the sacred and the physical in her paintings, but she has also been influenced by paintings of extreme cruelty and suffering, such as Pablo Picasso’s Guernica, as well as photographs from the concentration camp in Auschwitz.

Ann Edholm, Lichtzwang, 2018, detail. © Ari Karttunen / EMMA

oil on canvas

Guðmundsson, Kristján

Current Roll

Kristján Guðmundsson, Current Roll, 1987. © Ari Karttunen / EMMA

“The end of the cable will give you an electric shock!” state the instructions for the presentation of this work by the conceptual artist from Iceland. The work is made of electric cable, and its key ingredient is electric current. How does one make electricity visible? Guðmundsson’s (b. 1941) solution is to show the current inside a coiled length of cable. It appears to give electricity a form that is visible to the eye and can therefore be measured and shaped.

Kristján Guðmundsson, Current Roll, 1987, detail. © Ari Karttunen / EMMA

coiled electric cable

Juopperi, Elina

Heritage

Elina Juopperi, Heritage, 2010–. © Ari Karttunen / EMMA

This work is made up of raanus. Raanu (rana in Swedish, ráána in Inari Sami, grene in Norwegian) is a smooth woven textile that was traditionally used as a blanket or covering on pole tents. In later times, raanus have also been used as wall textiles. You can participate in the Heritage project by donating a raanu to be incorporated into the work. Your name will be added to a brass plaque on display next to the work. Click here for more details.

Elina Juopperi works on her piece Heritage in the exhibition space on the following dates. The exhibition space is open to the public and the artist is happy to answer any questions you may have regarding her work.

7.3. | 11–18
12.3. | 11–17
13. & 15.3. | 11–18
23.3. | 11–17
17.4.19.4. | 11–18 

Elina Juopperi, Heritage, 2010–, detail. © Ari Karttunen / EMMA

wall rugs

Lapin, Leonhard

CODE XXXXII

Leonhard Lapin, CODE XXXXII, 2006. © Ari Karttunen / EMMA

The key component of this work is the barcode, the most widespread sign of our time and a symbol of consumer society. Initiated by Leonhard Lapin (1947–2022) in 2003, the series originally presented the codes in black and white, but eventually he included also a limited number of colours. For Lapin, the colours represent fields of energy. The illusion of space is created by the rhythm of the lines of varying width. The motif, an electronic code, can in the viewer’s eyes be transformed into a landscape bathing in light or into a musical interval. According to the artist, a barcode reader would only find absurdity in the code – not a single product or service.

Leonhard Lapin, CODE XXXXII, 2006, detail. © Ari Karttunen / EMMA

acrylic, serigraphy on board

Niva, Jussi

Free-floating (2)

Jussi Niva, Free-floating (2), 2022. © Ari Karttunen / EMMA

This structural work of art breaks free of the traditional two-dimensional surface of painting, engaging in dialogue with its surroundings and the audience. Jussi Niva (b. 1966) is one of the first Finnish artists to play with the three-dimensionality and spatiality of painting; his works make one aware of the architecture. This piece invites the viewer to focus on the surface of the work and the details of the paintwork itself.

Jussi Niva, Free-floating (2), 2022, detail. © Ari Karttunen / EMMA

oil on board

Nordström, Lars-Gunnar

Max Jacob’s Stairs

Lars-Gunnar Nordström, Max Jacob’s Stairs, 1950s. © Ari Karttunen / EMMA

Lars-Gunnar Nordström (1924–2014) was a pioneer of concretism in Finland. From the 1950s onwards, he developed a formal language of his own based on structure and geometry. “Nubben” was a passionate fan and collector of jazz music who eschewed mathematical formulas and composed his works through intuition and an innate sense of rhythm. For him, colours and shapes had a similar experiential impact as musical notes and chords. The resonance of colours in his paintings is achieved through the careful selection of shapes and their interrelations. Nubben said, in fact, that he created music for the eyes. Fascinated by countless variations of colour, line and surface, he remained true to his distinctive formal language until the end of his career.

Lars-Gunnar Nordström, Max Jacob’s Stairs, 1950s, detail. © Ari Karttunen / EMMA

painting on board

Närhinen, Maija

Packed in

Maija Närhinen, Packed in, 2023. © Ari Karttunen / EMMA

Maija Närhinen (b. 1967) makes her works mostly with recycled materials. In this new piece, commissioned by EMMA, she has used round and rectangular plastic pots that fit inside each other with precision. The colours, shapes and variations in size produce an effect that makes the outlines of the pots swim before your eyes. On the round pedestal is a sample of the material to illustrate how the work is constructed.

Maija Närhinen, Packed in, 2023, detail. Ari Karttunen / EMMA

plastic vessels

Rantanen, Silja

Information on the Floor

Silja Rantanen, Information on the Floor, 2003. © Ari Karttunen / EMMA

Originally commissioned for the Sello Library in Leppävaara, Espoo, this work consists of 150 brick-shaped monochromatic objects. The same basic unit appears in Rantanen’s (b. 1955) earlier installations: in Burano (1998), and in Colour Chart (1999), a work created for the Finnish Embassy in Berlin. The colours of the objects in Knowledge on the Floor  come from lipsticks. Rantanen visited the cosmetics department at the Stockmann department store in Helsinki and then created colour samples on paper with lipstick testers, later painting the work in oils. The colour samples are for Rantanen nothing but colour charts, and she likes them just as they are, without commenting any further on modernism or gender identities.

Silja Rantanen, Information on the Floor, 2003, detail. © Ari Karttunen / EMMA

plywood, oil on canvas

Róbertsdóttir, Ragna

Untitled

Ragna Róbertsdóttir, Untitled, 1988. © Ari Karttunen / EMMA

Lava that has erupted from the bowels of the earth over the ages has been cut into neat geometric shapes in this work by the Icelandic artist. The blocks of lava and peat are stacked with precision. The lava was collected by Róbertsdóttir (b. 1945) near volcanoes in her homeland. Peat is also an integral part of the Icelandic landscape and culture, because it was traditionally used to build houses. Both materials are shaped by the earth and are the results of sustained processes.

Ragna Róbertsdóttir, Untitled, 1988, detail. © Ari Karttunen / EMMA

peat and lava blocks

Sassi, Pekka

Colours

Pekka Sassi, Värit, 2016. © Ari Karttunen / EMMA

Filling three walls of the gallery to its very edges, this immersive video work by Pekka Sassi (b. 1969) employs the shapes and colours of non-representational geometric art, which alternate in a calm rhythm. When the viewer stands in the centre of the piece, the visual impact becomes a bodily and spatial experience. Complemented by a soundscape, the work creates a meditative and almost hypnotic space. It pushes the traditional boundaries of concrete art towards that of a holistic and spiritual experience.

Pekka Sassi, Värit, 2016. © Ari Karttunen / EMMA

three-channel projection

Sirp, Sandra 

Transitions

Sandra Sirp, Transitions, 2022, detail. © Ari Karttunen / EMMA

Consisting of 16 standalone pieces that can be arranged any way you like, this geometric series establishes a dominating presence in the gallery. The paintings are minimalistic, emphasising clean lines and simplicity. Sandra Sirp (b. 1988) favours sparse colours, and the plywood bases of the works are left exposed.

On the other hand, the vibrant colours challenge the idea that colour is neutral: they engage in a dialogue with each other and give rise to all kinds of associations. According to the artist, the works can be grouped by colour to reflect the four basic elements of ancient natural philosophy: earth, water, fire and air.  They symbolise balance, movement, change and breath.

Sandra Sirp, Transitions, 2022, detail. © Ari Karttunen / EMMA

oil on plywood